How Do You Apply for an ESTA? Step-by-Step 2026 Guide

This is independent general guidance, not a US government service. Apply only through the official ESTA website and check the fee there before you pay.

If you're planning a trip to the United States under the Visa Waiver Program, an ESTA (Electronic System for Travel Authorization) is your ticket in. It's not a visa — it's a pre-screening that lets you board a plane or ship bound for the US without a visa interview. The whole process is online, and you can do it from anywhere with an internet connection.

This guide walks you through every step of the ESTA application form, from gathering documents to hitting submit. We'll cover what you need, how to avoid common mistakes, and what happens after you apply. By the end, you'll be ready to apply with confidence.

Remember: this is general guidance. Always check the official US Customs and Border Protection ESTA website for the most current requirements before you travel.

What Is an ESTA?

An ESTA is an electronic travel authorization for citizens of Visa Waiver Program countries. It's valid for two years (or until your passport expires, whichever comes first) and allows multiple entries to the US for tourism, business, or transit. For a full explanation, see our article on what an ESTA is.

The system was introduced in 2008 to enhance security and streamline entry. It pre-screens travelers before they depart, reducing delays at border control. Each approved ESTA is linked electronically to your passport number.

Think of it as a digital permission slip. You still need to satisfy the border officer upon arrival. But without an approved ESTA, you cannot board a US-bound flight or ship.

Who Needs an ESTA?

You need an ESTA if you are a citizen of a VWP country (like the UK, Australia, Japan, or most EU nations) and you plan to travel to the US by air or sea for 90 days or less. If you're transiting through the US to another country, you also need an ESTA — check our guide on the ESTA transit visa for details.

Children and infants also need their own ESTA, even if they are listed on a parent's passport. There is no minimum age requirement, so a newborn must have a separate authorization. Each traveler must have an individual ESTA linked to their own passport.

If you hold dual citizenship with a VWP country and a non-VWP country, use the VWP passport for your ESTA application. However, you must disclose all other citizenships on the form. Failure to do so can lead to denial or revocation.

Step-by-Step ESTA Application Process

Step 1: Gather Your Documents

Before you start the online form, have these ready:

• A valid passport from a VWP country — it must be an e-passport with a digital chip.
• Your travel itinerary (flight or cruise details).
• Your home address and emergency contact information.
• Details of your employment (if applicable).
• A credit or debit card to pay the $40.62 fee.

Make sure your passport is valid for at least six months beyond your intended stay in the US. If your passport expires soon, renew it before applying — the ESTA is linked to your passport number.

For example, if your passport expires in three months and you apply now, your ESTA will only be valid for those three months. After renewal, you must apply for a new ESTA. Always check your passport's expiry date first.

Step 2: Go to the Official ESTA Website

Open your browser and go to the official US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) ESTA website: esta.cbp.dhs.gov. This is the only official site. Avoid third-party sites that charge extra fees — they often do the same thing but cost more.

You can also use the official "ESTA Mobile" app, available for iOS and Android. It's free to download and works the same way.

Third-party sites may charge $50 to $100 for assistance. They simply fill out the same form you can complete yourself. Stick to the official site to save money and avoid data privacy risks.

Step 3: Start a New Application

Click "Apply" or "New Application" on the homepage. You'll see a screen asking if you are applying for an individual or a group. If you're traveling with family or friends, you can create a group application — each person needs their own ESTA, but you can pay for all at once.

Group applications are convenient for families. You can manage up to 50 applications in one session. Each person's form is separate, but you pay a single bulk fee.

For example, a family of four can apply together. You fill in details for each member, then pay $162.48 in total ($40.62 x 4). This saves time and keeps everything organized.

Step 4: Fill in Personal Information

The form will ask for:

• Full name as it appears on your passport.
• Date of birth, gender, and place of birth.
• Nationality and passport details (number, issue date, expiry date).
• Other citizenships (if you hold multiple passports, list them all).

Double-check every entry. A typo in your name or passport number can cause delays or denial.

For instance, if your passport says "John A. Smith" but you enter "John Smith," the system may flag a mismatch. Always match the passport exactly, including middle names and initials. Even a single digit off in your passport number can result in an automatic denial.

Step 5: Provide Travel and Contact Details

Enter your US address (hotel, friend's home, or cruise ship name). If you don't have a specific address yet, you can enter "unknown" or the first hotel you plan to stay at. Also provide your home address, phone number, and email.

You'll also need to answer questions about your travel plans: length of stay, purpose (tourism, business, or transit), and whether you have a connecting flight.

For business travelers, the purpose might be "business meetings" or "conference attendance." For tourists, it's "sightseeing" or "visiting family." Be specific but brief. If you are transiting, provide your onward flight number and destination.

Step 6: Answer Eligibility Questions

The form includes a series of yes/no questions about your health, criminal history, and past immigration violations. These are the same questions asked on the visa waiver form (I-94W). Be honest — lying can result in a permanent ban.

Common questions include: Have you ever been arrested for a crime? Do you have a communicable disease? Have you ever overstayed a US visa?

If you answer "yes" to any, your application may be referred for manual review, which can take longer.

For example, if you were arrested for a minor offense like shoplifting 10 years ago, you must answer "yes." The system does not distinguish between misdemeanors and felonies. A manual review may follow, and you could be asked for additional documentation. Always disclose everything to avoid accusations of fraud.

Step 7: Review and Submit

Before paying, review all your answers. You can go back and edit any field. Once you're satisfied, click "Submit." The system will then ask for payment.

Take your time during this review. Read each section aloud if possible. A simple mistake like swapping your date of birth month and day can cause issues.

For example, entering 05/12 instead of 12/05 may flag a mismatch with your passport.

Step 8: Pay the Fee

The ESTA fee is $40.62. You can pay with Visa, Mastercard, American Express, Discover, or PayPal (on the mobile app). The fee is non-refundable, even if your application is denied.

After payment, you'll get a confirmation screen with an application number. Save this number — you'll need it to check your status later.

The fee is made up of $17 for travel promotion, $10.62 operational and $13 Treasury General Fund components. If an application is denied, the fee CBP sets for that case is $10.62 rather than the full amount. This is why it is important to double-check your eligibility before applying.

If you have a criminal record, consider consulting an immigration attorney first.

Step 9: Wait for Approval

Most applications are approved within minutes. You'll receive an email with your ESTA status. If it's "Authorization Approved," you're good to go.

If it says "Pending," it may take up to 72 hours. Check your status online using your application number.

If you need to travel urgently and haven't received a decision, see our guide on emergency ESTA options.

In rare cases, a "Pending" status can last longer than 72 hours. This often happens during peak travel seasons or if your name matches a security watchlist. Do not book non-refundable tickets until you have a final decision.

Contact CBP through their website if you have waited more than 72 hours.

Step 10: Travel with Your ESTA

Your ESTA is electronically linked to your passport. You don't need to print anything, but it's wise to carry a copy of the approval email. At the airport, the airline will verify your ESTA before issuing a boarding pass.

At US border control, the officer will check your ESTA status when you arrive.

For example, when checking in for your flight, the airline agent scans your passport. The system automatically confirms your ESTA status. If it is expired or denied, you will not receive a boarding pass.

Always keep your ESTA valid for the entire duration of your trip.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Using a third-party website: They often charge $50–$100 for the same service. Use the official site only.
• Applying too late: While most approvals are instant, some take up to 72 hours. Apply at least 3 days before travel.
• Incorrect passport information: A single wrong digit can cause a denial. Double-check your passport number and expiry date.
• Forgetting to update your ESTA: If you get a new passport, you need a new ESTA. The old one is invalid.
• Assuming an ESTA guarantees entry: The final decision is made by a border officer at the port of entry. An ESTA only authorizes you to board.

Another common error is using a nickname instead of your legal name. For instance, "Bob" instead of "Robert" can cause a mismatch. Always use the exact name on your passport.

Also, avoid using all caps or special characters unless your passport does.

Some travelers forget to list all previous passports. If you have changed your name due to marriage, you must use your current legal name. The system cross-references your details with international databases, so consistency is key.

ESTA Application Form: What to Expect

The ESTA application form is straightforward but requires careful attention. It's divided into several sections: personal information, travel details, eligibility questions, and payment. The entire form takes about 15–20 minutes to complete if you have your documents ready.

The form is available in multiple languages, including English, Spanish, French, and German. You can switch languages at the top of the page. However, all answers must be in English characters.

For example, if your name includes accented letters like "José," type it as "Jose" without the accent.

Personal Information Section

This includes your full name, date of birth, gender, place of birth, and nationality. You'll also need to list any other nationalities you hold. If you have a second passport from a non-VWP country, you must disclose it.

For place of birth, enter the city and country exactly as on your passport. If you were born in a city that no longer exists, use the historical name. For example, "Bombay" instead of "Mumbai" may be acceptable, but check your passport for the exact spelling.

Gender options are "Male" or "Female." There is no third option currently. If your gender does not match your passport, you may face delays. Contact CBP before applying if you have concerns.

Passport and Travel Details

Enter your passport number, country of issuance, and expiry date. Then provide your US address, emergency contact, and travel itinerary. For transit passengers, you'll need your onward flight details.

The passport number is alphanumeric and case-sensitive. For example, "AB123456" is different from "ab123456." Enter it exactly as shown on your passport's data page. The expiry date should be in the format MM/DD/YYYY, so 31 December 2026 becomes 12/31/2026.

For your US address, a hotel name and city are sufficient. If you are staying with friends, provide their full address. For cruise passengers, enter the ship name and port of arrival.

Do not leave this field blank.

Eligibility Questions

There are about 10 yes/no questions covering criminal history, communicable diseases, prior deportations, and more. Answer honestly. If you're unsure, consult an immigration attorney.

The questions include: Have you ever been arrested for a crime involving moral turpitude? Have you ever violated US immigration laws? Have you ever been denied a US visa?

Each question has a help icon that provides more detail. Click it if you need clarification.

For example, "moral turpitude" includes crimes like theft, fraud, or assault. A DUI may not qualify, but it depends on the state. If you have any doubt, answer "yes" and explain in the notes section.

The system will review your response manually.

Review and Payment

After filling out the form, you'll see a summary. Review it carefully. Then pay the $40.62 fee.

Once paid, you cannot edit the form — you'd have to start a new application.

The summary page shows all your answers in a read-only format. Print or screenshot this page for your records. If you find an error after payment, you must submit a new application and pay again.

The original fee is not refunded.

How Long Does ESTA Approval Take?

Most ESTA applications are approved instantly. However, some are referred for manual review, which can take up to 72 hours. In rare cases, it may take longer.

Always apply well in advance — at least 3 days before your flight.

If you haven't received a decision after 72 hours, you can contact CBP through their website. Do not book non-refundable travel until you have approval.

Approval times can vary by nationality. For example, UK citizens often get instant approval, while applicants from some Eastern European VWP countries may face longer waits. The system performs random checks, so even a clean record can trigger a review.

Patience is key.

What If My ESTA Is Denied?

If your ESTA is denied, you cannot travel under the Visa Waiver Program. You'll need to apply for a B-1/B-2 visitor visa at a US embassy or consulate. This requires an interview and takes weeks to process.

There is no appeal for an ESTA denial.

Common reasons for denial include: past criminal record, previous visa overstay, or travel to certain countries (like Iran, Iraq, Syria, or Sudan). If you think the denial was a mistake, you can reapply — but only if your circumstances have changed.

For example, if you were denied due to a minor arrest that was later expunged, you can reapply with documentation. However, the system may still flag it. Consult an immigration attorney before reapplying.

A second denial may complicate future visa applications.

ESTA vs. US Visa: Key Differences

The table above highlights the main differences. An ESTA is cheaper and faster, but it offers less flexibility. A visa allows longer stays and is available to more nationalities, but it requires an interview and a higher fee.

For example, a UK citizen traveling for a 2-week vacation would benefit from an ESTA. A Brazilian citizen, however, must apply for a B-2 visa because Brazil is not in the VWP. Choose based on your nationality and travel needs.

How to Check Your ESTA Status

After applying, you can check your ESTA status online at any time. Go to the official CBP website and click "Check Application Status." Enter your application number, passport number, and date of birth. The system will show your current status.

Statuses include: "Authorization Approved," "Pending," "Denied," or "Expired." If your status is "Pending," check back after 24 hours. Do not submit a new application while one is pending, as it may cause confusion.

For example, if you applied three days ago and the status is still "Pending," contact CBP. Use the "Contact Us" form on their website. Provide your application number and explain your travel date.

They may expedite the review.

Can You Update Your ESTA After Approval?

Yes, you can update certain information after approval. Log into the CBP website using your application number and passport details. You can change your email address, phone number, or US address.

However, you cannot change your name, passport number, or gender.

If you get a new passport, you must apply for a new ESTA. The old one is invalid. Similarly, if you change your name due to marriage, you need a new ESTA with your new legal name.

For example, if you move to a different hotel before your trip, update your US address online. This ensures your records are accurate. If you forget, it is not usually a problem, but it is good practice to keep information current.

ESTA for Minors and Families

Each child, including infants, must have their own ESTA. There is no family application, but you can apply for multiple people in one session. The fee is $40.62 per person, regardless of age.

For minors, a parent or guardian can fill out the form on their behalf. You will need the child's passport details and travel itinerary. If the child is listed on a parent's passport, they still need a separate ESTA linked to their own passport.

For example, a family with two children aged 2 and 5 must submit four separate applications. The group feature allows you to do this in one sitting. Pay for all four at once with a single card transaction.

ESTA for Business Travel

Business travelers can use an ESTA for activities like meetings, conferences, or contract negotiations. You cannot work for a US employer or receive payment from a US source. If you plan to work, you need a work visa.

Common business purposes include attending trade shows, consulting with clients, or signing contracts. You must declare your purpose as "Business" on the form. Provide details such as the company name and meeting location.

For example, a UK software engineer visiting a US client for a week can use an ESTA. They attend meetings but do not write code for the client. If they were to be paid for coding, they would need an H-1B visa.

ESTA for Transit Passengers

If you are transiting through the US to another country, you need an ESTA. This applies even if you do not leave the airport. The only exception is if you are a citizen of a VWP country with a valid visa.

For example, a Japanese traveler flying from Tokyo to London via Los Angeles must have an ESTA. They will clear US customs in Los Angeles, even if they stay in the transit area. Without an ESTA, they cannot board the flight.

Check our guide on the ESTA transit visa for more details. Ensure your ESTA is valid for the entire transit period, including any layovers.

What to Do If Your ESTA Expires While Abroad

If your ESTA expires while you are outside the US, you need a new one before your next trip. You cannot use an expired ESTA to board a flight. Apply for a new ESTA at least 72 hours before your return journey.

For example, if your ESTA expired last month and you are now in Europe, apply online immediately. The new ESTA will be valid for two more years. Do not wait until you are at the airport.

If your ESTA expires while you are in the US, it does not affect your stay. You can leave without issue. However, for your next trip, you must apply for a new ESTA.

The old one is no longer valid.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I get an ESTA?

You get an ESTA by completing the online application on the official CBP website or mobile app. Fill in your personal and passport details, answer eligibility questions, and pay the $40.62 fee. Most approvals come within minutes.

Can I apply for an ESTA online?

Yes, the ESTA application is entirely online. There is no paper form or in-person appointment. You can apply from any device with internet access.

The official website is esta.cbp.dhs.gov.

How much does an ESTA cost?

The ESTA fee is $40.62 since 16 October 2026 (it was $21 until 29 September 2025 and $40 or $40.27 in between). It combines travel promotion, operational and Treasury General Fund components. The fee is non-refundable.

Third-party sites may charge more, but the official price is $40.62.

How long is an ESTA valid?

An approved ESTA is valid for two years from the date of approval, or until your passport expires — whichever comes first. You can make multiple trips to the US during that period, as long as each stay is 90 days or less.

What happens if my ESTA expires while I'm in the US?

Your ESTA only needs to be valid when you board your flight or ship to the US. It does not need to remain valid during your stay. You can leave the US even if your ESTA has expired.

However, for your next trip, you must apply for a new ESTA.

Can I use an ESTA for multiple entries?

Yes, an ESTA allows multiple entries into the US during its validity period. Each visit can last up to 90 days. There is no limit on the number of trips, but frequent travel may raise questions at the border.

For example, you can visit the US three times in one year for business meetings. Each stay must be 90 days or less. If you stay 90 days and return a week later, the border officer may ask about your intentions.

Always have a clear purpose for each trip.

What if I make a mistake on my ESTA application?

If you notice a mistake before payment, you can go back and edit the form. After payment, you cannot make changes. You must submit a new application and pay again.

The original fee is non-refundable.

For example, if you misspell your name after paying, start a new application. Use the correct spelling this time. The old application will remain in the system but will not affect the new one.

Key Takeaways

• Apply for an ESTA online only through the official CBP website or mobile app.
• Have your passport and travel details ready before starting the form.
• Answer all questions honestly — false answers can lead to a permanent ban.
• Apply at least 72 hours before your flight, even though most approvals are instant.
• The fee is $40.62 and non-refundable.
• An ESTA is not a visa — it's a travel authorization for VWP citizens.
• Always check official sources before traveling, as rules can change.

Related: Why You Must Check Your ESTA Status Before Every Trip to the USA

See also: what an ESTA is